AI displacement risk by occupation

738 US occupations scored on the AI² Index, 0–100. Higher means more exposed. Check your own job title →

Architecture & Engineering · 33

Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians69.8 Aerospace Engineers73.2 Agricultural Engineers64.7 Architects47.8 Architectural and Civil Drafters55.8 Biomedical Engineers61.8 Cartographers and Photogrammetrists80.0 Chemical Engineers66.7 Civil Engineering Technicians51.6 Civil Engineers79.4 Computer Hardware Engineers84.1 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians70.4 Electrical and Electronics Drafters68.8 Electrical Engineers64.8 Electro-Mechanical Technicians52.2 Electronics Engineers81.9 Engineering Technicians51.3 Environmental Engineering Technicians57.7 Environmental Engineers84.9 Health and Safety Engineers56.0 Industrial Engineering Technicians50.6 Industrial Engineers88.3 Landscape Architects55.0 Marine Engineers and Naval Architects55.9 Materials Engineers60.3 Mechanical Drafters67.8 Mechanical Engineering Technicians48.5 Mechanical Engineers66.3 Mining and Geological Engineers64.8 Nuclear Engineers55.4 Petroleum Engineers78.3 Surveying and Mapping Technicians65.0 Surveyors88.5

Arts & Media · 33

Actors64.7 Athletes and Sports Competitors41.5 Audio and Video Equipment Technicians68.1 Broadcast News Analysts62.1 Broadcast Technicians71.7 Camera Operators61.3 Choreographers72.0 Coaches and Scouts62.9 Commercial and Industrial Designers63.9 Craft Artists79.9 Dancers62.9 Editors80.6 Fashion Designers78.8 Film and Video Editors86.2 Floral Designers62.1 Graphic Designers63.3 Interior Designers64.0 Interpreters and Translators64.1 Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers70.2 Multi-Media Artists and Animators100.0 Musicians and Singers59.0 Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators70.4 Photographers83.5 Public Address System and Other Announcers66.0 Public Relations Specialists69.2 Radio and Television Announcers61.9 Radio Operators52.0 Reporters and Correspondents65.0 Set and Exhibit Designers55.1 Sound Engineering Technicians61.8 Technical Writers90.0 Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials55.5 Writers and Authors81.7

Building & Grounds · 6

Janitors and Cleaners60.2 Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers57.9 Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners56.6 Pest Control Workers61.5 Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators64.3 Tree Trimmers and Pruners47.9

Business & Finance · 29

Accountants and Auditors56.1 Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate86.4 Budget Analysts57.7 Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators36.7 Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists68.8 Compliance Officers70.7 Cost Estimators67.8 Credit Analysts79.6 Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists69.5 Farm Labor Contractors52.1 Financial Analysts60.8 Financial Examiners47.8 Fundraisers75.7 Insurance Appraisers47.5 Insurance Underwriters57.9 Labor Relations Specialists68.7 Loan Counselors22.1 Loan Officers56.2 Logisticians81.4 Management Analysts46.4 Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists72.0 Meeting and Convention Planners62.3 Personal Financial Advisors40.3 Purchasing Agents77.4 Purchasing Agents and Buyers81.4 Tax Examiners, Collectors, and Revenue Agents47.0 Tax Preparers68.3 Training and Development Specialists63.8 Wholesale and Retail Buyers59.6

Community & Social Services · 13

Child, Family, and School Social Workers38.5 Clergy35.5 Community Health Workers52.6 Educational, Vocational, and School Counselors32.4 Health Educators32.1 Marriage and Family Therapists9.0 Medical and Public Health Social Workers20.6 Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers6.3 Mental Health Counselors25.1 Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists42.7 Rehabilitation Counselors30.2 Social and Human Service Assistants70.6 Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors18.7

Computer & Math · 16

Actuaries49.1 Application Developers99.2 Computer and Information Research Scientists77.2 Computer Network Architects90.1 Computer Network Support Specialists82.7 Computer Programmers99.1 Computer Systems Analysts90.7 Computer User Support Specialists86.3 Database Administrators78.5 Information Security Analysts66.6 Mathematicians79.7 Network and Computer Systems Administrators83.8 Operations Research Analysts64.3 Software Developers98.8 Statisticians84.4 Web Developers80.5

Construction · 52

Boilermakers62.5 Brickmasons and Blockmasons47.6 Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters41.5 Carpenters48.9 Carpet Installers58.0 Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers64.8 Construction and Building Inspectors60.9 Construction and Maintenance Painters52.3 Construction Laborers55.9 Continuous Mining Machine Operators64.8 Derrick Operators68.2 Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers70.2 Earth Drillers52.3 Electricians33.7 Elevator Installers and Repairers63.9 Explosives Workers, Ordnance Handling Experts, and Blasters72.0 Extraction Workers87.2 Fence Erectors82.7 Floor Layers49.3 Floor Sanders and Finishers44.5 Floor, Ceiling, and Wall Insulation Workers58.8 Glaziers51.6 Hazardous Materials Removal Workers88.2 Highway Maintenance Workers52.0 Mechanical Insulation Workers65.0 Mine Cutting and Channeling Machine Operators80.0 Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators56.9 Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons67.6 Paperhangers37.9 Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators59.9 Pile-Driver Operators23.2 Pipelayers48.0 Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters42.1 Plasterers and Stucco Masons60.5 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters46.7 Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment Operators56.9 Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers68.6 Rock Splitters35.6 Roof Bolters72.5 Roofers43.7 Rotary Drill Operators68.5 Roustabouts56.4 Segmental Pavers42.9 Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners64.3 Service Unit Operators51.0 Sheet Metal Workers84.5 Solar Photovoltaic Installers56.6 Stonemasons62.4 Structural Iron and Steel Workers52.4 Tapers43.6 Terrazzo Workers and Finishers51.1 Tile and Marble Setters61.0

Education & Library · 57

Adult Literacy, Remedial Education, and GED Teachers and Instructors30.1 Agricultural Sciences Teachers18.7 Anthropology and Archeology Teachers22.0 Architecture Teachers33.2 Archivists81.7 Area, Ethnic, and Cultural Studies Teachers33.3 Art, Drama, and Music Teachers41.7 Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers25.1 Audio-Visual Collections Specialists65.3 Biological Science Teachers42.9 Business Teachers29.8 Chemistry Teachers31.3 Communications Teachers29.8 Computer Science Teachers47.1 Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Teachers33.6 Curators68.0 Economics Teachers31.0 Education Administrators61.8 Education Teachers32.1 Elementary School Teachers39.0 Engineering Teachers38.3 English Language and Literature Teachers34.1 Environmental Science Teachers37.0 Farm and Home Management Advisors40.5 Foreign Language and Literature Teachers30.1 Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers33.6 Geography Teachers35.0 Graduate Teaching Assistants67.6 Health Specialties Teachers37.3 History Teachers36.5 Home Economics Teachers38.9 Instructional Coordinators49.2 Kindergarten Teachers37.9 Law Teachers31.2 Librarians69.1 Library Science Teachers24.6 Library Technicians63.4 Mathematical Science Teachers37.6 Middle School Teachers31.7 Museum Technicians and Conservators68.2 Nursing Instructors and Teachers29.2 Philosophy and Religion Teachers43.1 Physics Teachers37.7 Political Science Teachers25.3 Preschool Teachers34.2 Psychology Teachers36.9 Recreation and Fitness Studies Teachers36.1 Secondary School Teachers29.9 Self-Enrichment Education Teachers33.7 Social Work Teachers33.3 Sociology Teachers39.0 Special Education Teachers in Kindergartens and Elementary Schools28.8 Special Education Teachers in Middle Schools36.4 Special Education Teachers in Preschools23.3 Special Education Teachers in Secondary Schools33.0 Teacher Assistants45.9 Vocational Education Teachers30.5

Farming & Fishing · 12

Agricultural Equipment Operators67.3 Agricultural Inspectors77.0 Animal Breeders50.6 Fallers60.2 Farmworkers and Laborers62.7 Farmworkers, Farm and Ranch Animals69.2 Fishers and Related Fishing Workers57.4 Forest and Conservation Workers71.1 Graders and Sorters of Agricultural Products67.3 Hunters and Trappers64.0 Log Graders and Scalers80.7 Logging Equipment Operators61.5

Food Preparation · 15

Bartenders55.7 Chefs and Head Cooks50.5 Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers48.2 Counter Attendants71.5 Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers62.0 Dishwashers60.8 Fast Food Cooks74.7 Food Preparation Workers49.7 Food Servers67.1 Hosts and Hostesses54.0 Institution Cooks68.3 Private Household Cooks72.6 Restaurant Cooks49.6 Short Order Cooks68.2 Waiters and Waitresses54.0

Healthcare Practitioners · 55

Anesthesiologists31.0 Athletic Trainers39.4 Audiologists73.4 Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians76.2 Chiropractors58.4 Dental Hygienists54.4 Dentists33.7 Diagnostic Medical Sonographers59.5 Dietetic Technicians52.9 Dietitians and Nutritionists58.0 Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics44.5 Exercise Physiologists64.2 Family and General Practitioners52.8 Genetic Counselors26.3 Hearing Aid Specialists73.0 Internists72.9 Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses18.0 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologists78.1 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians70.5 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists77.8 Medical Records and Health Information Technicians97.8 Nuclear Medicine Technologists63.2 Nurse Anesthetists27.6 Nurse Midwives17.7 Nurse Practitioners32.6 Obstetricians and Gynecologists34.3 Occupational Health and Safety Specialists54.6 Occupational Health and Safety Technicians61.3 Occupational Therapists41.9 Ophthalmic Medical Technicians71.8 Opticians, Dispensing82.4 Optometrists76.9 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons21.0 Orthodontists32.6 Orthotists and Prosthetists73.8 Pediatricians35.8 Pharmacists46.7 Pharmacy Technicians66.4 Physical Therapists29.6 Physician Assistants34.9 Podiatrists16.5 Prosthodontists66.0 Psychiatric Technicians51.2 Psychiatrists26.9 Radiation Therapists43.9 Radiologic Technologists and Technicians54.1 Recreational Therapists25.7 Registered Nurses35.3 Respiratory Therapists35.3 Respiratory Therapy Technicians60.2 Speech-Language Pathologists70.3 Surgeons18.9 Surgical Technologists71.8 Veterinarians25.8 Veterinary Technologists and Technicians62.1

Healthcare Support · 16

Dental Assistants52.2 Home Health Aides69.4 Massage Therapists21.3 Medical Assistants82.2 Medical Equipment Preparers57.8 Medical Transcriptionists94.1 Nursing Assistants49.6 Occupational Therapist Aides25.3 Occupational Therapist Assistants21.2 Orderlies48.6 Pharmacy Aides74.6 Phlebotomists31.1 Physical Therapist Aides24.9 Physical Therapist Assistants22.2 Psychiatric Aides80.2 Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers37.4

Installation & Repair · 49

Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians36.1 Automotive Body and Related Repairers53.2 Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers52.1 Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics45.1 Avionics Technicians51.8 Bicycle Repairers45.6 Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists46.2 Camera and Photographic Equipment Repairers56.1 Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers53.1 Commercial Divers10.9 Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers58.5 Control and Valve Installers and Repairers54.0 Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers52.6 Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment48.6 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment53.4 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay50.9 Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers58.2 Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers59.8 Electronic Home Entertainment Equipment Installers and Repairers57.1 Fabric Menders60.6 Farm Equipment Mechanics51.4 Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers46.4 Home Appliance Repairers60.5 Industrial Machinery Mechanics55.1 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers59.2 Locksmiths and Safe Repairers46.9 Maintenance and Repair Workers59.5 Maintenance Workers, Machinery42.6 Manufactured Building and Mobile Home Installers51.3 Mechanical Door Repairers54.6 Medical Equipment Repairers43.3 Millwrights58.2 Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics54.3 Motorboat Mechanics47.3 Motorcycle Mechanics52.3 Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners53.9 Outdoor Power Equipment and Other Small Engine Mechanics51.2 Radio Mechanics52.2 Rail Car Repairers58.8 Recreational Vehicle Service Technicians43.8 Refractory Materials Repairers44.0 Riggers48.2 Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers27.5 Signal and Track Switch Repairers52.9 Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers54.0 Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers55.1 Tire Repairers and Changers59.7 Watch Repairers57.9 Wind Turbine Service Technicians52.0

Legal · 8

Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers26.9 Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators51.1 Court Reporters85.9 Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates40.4 Judicial Law Clerks67.7 Lawyers42.8 Paralegals and Legal Assistants85.2 Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers40.7

Life & Physical Science · 38

Agricultural and Food Science Technicians57.4 Animal Scientists55.1 Anthropologists and Archeologists69.1 Astronomers58.1 Atmospheric and Space Scientists73.0 Biochemists and Biophysicists61.5 Biological Technicians64.1 Biologists59.7 Chemical Technicians49.4 Chemists73.6 Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists21.6 Conservation Scientists75.1 Economists71.4 Environmental Science and Protection Technicians65.7 Environmental Scientists and Specialists55.3 Epidemiologists62.6 Food Scientists and Technologists61.3 Forensic Science Technicians51.9 Forest and Conservation Technicians52.5 Foresters60.7 Geographers80.8 Geological and Petroleum Technicians70.5 Geoscientists66.5 Historians81.8 Hydrologists71.6 Industrial-Organizational Psychologists25.4 Materials Scientists64.5 Medical Scientists65.0 Microbiologists69.6 Nuclear Technicians46.6 Physicists66.9 Political Scientists66.3 Social Science Research Assistants79.8 Sociologists64.2 Soil and Plant Scientists71.4 Survey Researchers68.8 Urban and Regional Planners62.2 Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists54.7

Management · 49

Administrative Services Managers46.0 Advertising and Promotions Managers63.2 Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes52.1 Art Directors64.0 Chief Executives64.9 Compensation and Benefits Managers59.2 Computer and Information Systems Managers53.4 Construction Managers17.8 Emergency Management Directors69.4 Engineering Managers60.7 Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers58.1 Financial Managers61.2 Food Service Managers74.0 Funeral Directors55.4 Gaming Managers65.1 General and Operations Managers65.4 Human Resources Managers53.4 Industrial Production Managers68.2 Lodging Managers63.0 Managers of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers29.1 Managers of Correctional Officers68.2 Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers65.9 Managers of Fire Fighting and Prevention Workers41.3 Managers of Food Preparation and Serving Workers55.6 Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers41.4 Managers of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers49.3 Managers of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers69.1 Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers45.6 Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers64.7 Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers54.7 Managers of Personal Service Workers69.4 Managers of Police and Detectives48.0 Managers of Production and Operating Workers75.0 Managers of Retail Sales Workers62.5 Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators52.1 Marketing Managers49.7 Medical and Health Services Managers70.4 Morticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Directors63.0 Music Directors and Composers68.2 Natural Sciences Managers66.1 Producers and Directors71.1 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers66.8 Public Relations Managers58.2 Purchasing Managers65.4 Religious Activities and Education Directors50.6 Sales Managers72.5 Social and Community Service Managers54.6 Training and Development Managers31.3 Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers62.1

Office & Admin · 51

Bill and Account Collectors80.6 Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators82.8 Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks87.5 Brokerage Clerks74.2 Cargo and Freight Agents64.8 Computer Operators71.8 Correspondence Clerks100.0 Couriers and Messengers51.3 Court, Municipal, and License Clerks81.9 Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks81.0 Customer Service Representatives80.9 Data Entry Keyers100.0 Desktop Publishers77.4 Dispatchers100.0 Eligibility Interviewers63.6 Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants99.3 File Clerks83.0 Gaming Cage Workers79.4 Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks76.8 Human Resources Assistants97.2 Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks84.4 Interviewers72.9 Legal Secretaries63.8 Library Assistants70.6 Loan Interviewers and Clerks81.2 Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators73.3 Medical Secretaries75.2 Meter Readers41.9 New Accounts Clerks65.2 Office Clerks88.4 Office Machine Operators57.5 Order Clerks74.2 Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks90.2 Police, Fire, and Ambulance Dispatchers73.1 Postal Service Clerks74.4 Postal Service Mail Carriers37.3 Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators74.9 Procurement Clerks85.1 Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks74.2 Proofreaders and Copy Markers71.3 Receptionists and Information Clerks87.7 Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks69.0 Secretaries87.2 Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks58.4 Statistical Assistants100.0 Stock Clerks and Order Fillers78.3 Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service52.4 Telephone Operators68.8 Tellers83.8 Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping82.9 Word Processors and Typists100.0

Other · 1

Postmasters and Mail Superintendents77.9

Production · 97

Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers64.8 Bakers59.7 Butchers and Meat Cutters77.4 Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters62.7 Cementing and Gluing Machine Operators and Tenders68.1 Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders60.7 Chemical Plant and System Operators54.2 Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders63.7 Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders75.1 Coil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers75.9 Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators59.9 Cooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders60.6 Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders48.3 Cutters and Trimmers58.9 Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders69.3 Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders63.9 Dental Laboratory Technicians38.6 Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders57.1 Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers58.1 Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers71.5 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers62.8 Etchers and Engravers82.2 Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders58.6 Extruding and Forming Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders53.4 Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders51.8 Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers83.6 Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators49.7 Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders50.9 Food Batchmakers60.1 Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders68.8 Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders59.6 Foundry Mold and Coremakers49.2 Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders60.0 Furniture Finishers77.6 Gas Plant Operators54.9 Grinding and Polishing Workers62.3 Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders50.5 Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders52.8 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers90.9 Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers87.0 Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders66.5 Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers58.1 Lay-Out Workers56.3 Machinists55.2 Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers66.2 Medical Appliance Technicians69.1 Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders49.8 Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders63.5 Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders57.9 Model Makers82.3 Molders, Shapers, and Casters79.4 Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders56.9 Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders65.2 Nuclear Power Reactor Operators53.2 Numerical Tool and Process Control Programmers81.2 Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians61.0 Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders71.4 Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers75.2 Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders58.2 Patternmakers51.0 Petroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers62.0 Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators58.7 Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders64.9 Pourers and Casters81.3 Power Distributors and Dispatchers81.1 Power Plant Operators59.0 Prepress Technicians and Workers77.5 Print Binding and Finishing Workers77.0 Printing Press Operators64.2 Production Workers81.1 Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders51.5 Sawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders58.5 Semiconductor Processors64.2 Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders49.7 Sewers76.6 Sewing Machine Operators63.7 Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers63.4 Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders53.5 Slaughterers and Meat Packers67.0 Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators58.8 Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters60.3 Tailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers44.5 Team Assemblers62.1 Textile and Garment Pressers79.0 Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders77.5 Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders73.0 Textile Knitting and Weaving Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders60.2 Textile Winding, Twisting, and Drawing Out Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders67.7 Timing Device Assemblers, Adjusters, and Calibrators62.3 Tire Builders63.9 Tool and Die Makers81.7 Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners73.1 Upholsterers81.7 Water and Liquid Waste Treatment Plant and System Operators65.9 Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers57.4 Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders70.5 Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders57.5

Protective Services · 17

Animal Control Workers62.0 Bailiffs66.8 Correctional Officers and Jailers61.8 Crossing Guards68.0 Detectives and Criminal Investigators67.5 Fire Fighters51.0 Fire Inspectors and Investigators35.0 Fish and Game Wardens47.6 Forest Fire Inspectors and Prevention Specialists33.9 Gaming Surveillance Officers and Gaming Investigators69.6 Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers45.8 Parking Enforcement Workers79.6 Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers40.7 Private Detectives and Investigators60.2 Security Guards61.6 Transit and Railroad Police46.8 Transportation Security Screeners65.8

Sales · 18

Advertising Sales Agents65.8 Cashiers84.0 Counter and Rental Clerks66.5 Demonstrators and Product Promoters77.3 Door-To-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors61.0 Gaming Change Persons and Booth Cashiers73.1 Insurance Sales Agents39.9 Models91.2 Parts Salespersons82.5 Real Estate Brokers56.5 Real Estate Sales Agents63.1 Retail Salespersons75.6 Sales Engineers56.5 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing52.7 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products63.2 Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents73.2 Telemarketers77.5 Travel Agents91.1

Transportation & Material Moving · 45

Air Traffic Controllers53.2 Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors47.8 Airfield Operations Specialists67.3 Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers54.7 Ambulance Drivers and Attendants40.3 Bridge and Lock Tenders72.4 Bus Drivers50.9 Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels58.8 Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment74.7 Commercial Pilots53.2 Conveyor Operators and Tenders62.1 Crane and Tower Operators65.7 Dredge Operators45.8 Driver Sales Workers63.5 Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators57.7 Flight Attendants51.8 Gas Compressor and Gas Pumping Station Operators65.4 Hoist and Winch Operators64.5 Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators70.9 Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers65.3 Light Truck Drivers51.1 Loading Machine Operators, Underground Mining70.5 Locomotive Engineers71.3 Locomotive Firers49.2 Machine Feeders and Offbearers70.6 Motorboat Operators65.1 Packers and Packagers83.3 Parking Lot Attendants64.6 Pump Operators56.0 Rail Yard Engineers, Dinkey Operators, and Hostlers55.7 Railroad Brake, Signal, and Switch Operators40.3 Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters56.2 Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors43.5 Sailors and Marine Oilers68.5 Service Station Attendants73.8 Ship Engineers63.3 Shuttle Car Operators61.8 Subway and Streetcar Operators60.0 Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders60.3 Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs50.9 Traffic Technicians61.6 Transportation Attendants69.1 Transportation Inspectors62.5 Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer52.6 Wellhead Pumpers65.4

Additional roles · 7

Not part of the published AI² 2026 report. Scored by CloudDon Research in October 2026 with the same AI² methodology (six dimensions, same weights); provisional until the next edition.

Data Analysts84.0 Data Scientists79.5 UX Designers75.0 Project and Program Managers70.3 Product Managers55.2 Professors (Non-Tenure-Track or Adjunct)37.6 Professors (Tenured or Tenure-Track)35.1